按不同口腔護理目的分類
簡介
你曾否好奇過,自己口中到底有幾多隻牙?牙齒唔單止影響外觀,亦負責咀嚼、發音同支撐面部輪廓。了解牙齒的基本結構、乳齒與恆齒的差異,以及成人牙齒的標準數量和常見變異,有助你更早察覺異常,並建立穩定的日常護齒習慣。
牙齒結構與基本功能
牙齒的主要結構
牙齒的基本功能
乳齒與恆齒的數量與差異
乳齒(奶牙)
恆齒(成人牙齒)
成人牙齒的標準數量及常見變異
標準數量
成人恆齒標準數量為32顆,包括4顆智齒;一套完整恆齒通常上下顎各16顆。2
常見的只有28顆,因為智齒可能未萌發、阻生,或因清潔困難、疼痛等原因經牙醫評估後拔除。3
常見變異
牙齒數目異常的原因與影響
常見原因
生活影響
缺牙可能導致咬合不穩、發音不清和影響外觀;若牙齒之間出現空隙,鄰近牙齒亦可能逐漸移位。
多生牙或未萌發牙常令牙齒擁擠、不整齊,增加清潔難度,嚴重時甚至影響日常飲食。阻生智齒亦有機會引起牙冠周圍發炎,出現疼痛或腫脹。11
主要日常護齒建議
想維持牙齒數目和功能的穩定,日常護理比單次補救更重要。以下做法可作為基本護齒方向:12
Darlie產品推薦:針對不同成長階段的專業護理
守護牙齒健康必須由乳齒階段開始。由於幼兒與學齡兒童的口腔環境及手部肌肉發展不同,選擇針對年齡段設計的口腔護理產品至關重要。
階段一:乳齒萌出期 (2-6 歲)
此階段的孩子正在學習獨立刷牙,需要溫和的配方與適合小手拿握的設計。
階段二:恆齒替換期 (6 歲以上)
此階段口腔內新舊牙齒交替,清潔不勻容易藏污納垢。
總結
成人一般有32顆恆齒,包括4顆智齒;不過因智齒未萌發、阻生或已拔除,28顆亦是常見情況。若牙齒數目明顯多於或少於標準,及早檢查有助減少對咀嚼、發音和外觀的影響。日常做好刷牙、牙縫清潔和定期檢查,才是維持牙齒健康的長遠基礎。
免責聲明:本文內容只供一般參考,不能取代專業牙科診斷或治療建議。若你發現牙齒數目異常、智齒疼痛、咬合不適,或有其他口腔疑問,建議盡快向註冊牙醫查詢,作出合適評估及處理。
1. Oral Development and Pathology - PMC - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6292461/
2. Identifying the Permanent (Adult) Teeth - MSD Manual Consumer Version - https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/multimedia/image/identifying-the-permanent-adult-teeth
3. Removal of Wisdom Teeth (Third Molars) | Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust - https://www.hey.nhs.uk/patient-leaflet/removal-wisdom-teeth/
4. Radiographic evaluation of non-syndromic third molar agenesis in two Mediterranean populations - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8357356/
5. Tooth agenesis: An overview of diagnosis, aetiology and management - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10461125/
6. Hyperdontia (Extra Teeth): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment - Cleveland Clinic - https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/hyperdontia
7. 認識牙齒-多生齒|香港衞生署口腔健康促進科 - https://www.toothclub.gov.hk/chi/adu_01_01_06.html
8. Tooth agenesis, selective, X-linked, 1 - MedGen - NCBI - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/410143
9. Management of supernumerary teeth - PMC - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3198547/
10. Impacted Teeth - MSD Manual Consumer Version - https://www.msdmanuals.com/en-au/home/mouth-and-dental-disorders/tooth-disorders/impacted-teeth
11. MSD Manual Consumer Version - Gingivitis due to an impacted tooth (pericoronitis) - https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/mouth-and-dental-disorders/periodontal-diseases/gingivitis
12. How to keep your teeth clean | NHS - https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-teeth-and-gums/how-to-keep-your-teeth-clean/
13. NHS - Dental check-ups - https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-teeth-and-gums/dental-check-ups/
14. Toothbrushes | American Dental Association - https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/toothbrushes
15. 配方中超過90%含量(以重量計)的成分符合食品級
16. 尖端直徑小於0.01mm
17. 指從刷頭頂端到最下一排植毛孔下端的距離
NHS - Wisdom tooth removal - https://www.nhs.uk/tests-and-treatments/wisdom-tooth-removal/
2. Identifying the Permanent (Adult) Teeth - MSD Manual Consumer Version - https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/multimedia/image/identifying-the-permanent-adult-teeth
3. Removal of Wisdom Teeth (Third Molars) | Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust - https://www.hey.nhs.uk/patient-leaflet/removal-wisdom-teeth/
4. Radiographic evaluation of non-syndromic third molar agenesis in two Mediterranean populations - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8357356/
5. Tooth agenesis: An overview of diagnosis, aetiology and management - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10461125/
6. Hyperdontia (Extra Teeth): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment - Cleveland Clinic - https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/hyperdontia
7. 認識牙齒-多生齒|香港衞生署口腔健康促進科 - https://www.toothclub.gov.hk/chi/adu_01_01_06.html
8. Tooth agenesis, selective, X-linked, 1 - MedGen - NCBI - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/410143
9. Management of supernumerary teeth - PMC - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3198547/
10. Impacted Teeth - MSD Manual Consumer Version - https://www.msdmanuals.com/en-au/home/mouth-and-dental-disorders/tooth-disorders/impacted-teeth
11. MSD Manual Consumer Version - Gingivitis due to an impacted tooth (pericoronitis) - https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/mouth-and-dental-disorders/periodontal-diseases/gingivitis
12. How to keep your teeth clean | NHS - https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-teeth-and-gums/how-to-keep-your-teeth-clean/
13. NHS - Dental check-ups - https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-teeth-and-gums/dental-check-ups/
14. Toothbrushes | American Dental Association - https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/toothbrushes
15. 配方中超過90%含量(以重量計)的成分符合食品級
16. 尖端直徑小於0.01mm
17. 指從刷頭頂端到最下一排植毛孔下端的距離
NHS - Wisdom tooth removal - https://www.nhs.uk/tests-and-treatments/wisdom-tooth-removal/



